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This presentation describes an international research project involving collaborations between the Universiti Sains Malaysia and RMIT University. The project is investigating the intercultural competencies for the internationalisation of the English Language Teaching (ELT) business. The focus is on identifying key developments in the ELT industry and documenting dilemmas emerging form the commodification of English. The project is exploring the development of English as global and local language. Its relationship with the ELT industry and role in developing other new ‘Englishes’ is discussed. The research involves the collection of data from case studies of providers of ELT in Victoria and Penang as well as a comparative analysis of curriculum and policy documents in Australia and Malaysia. This research theorises the social and cultural dimensions of the interdependent process of globalisation and localisation as these relate to the spread of contemporary English. The presentation will describe the dilemmas and risks associated with these developments in the ELT industry and the impact on ELT products and services in a globalised market.

Volumes of collected papers are indexed from TD/TNC 64.481 to TD/TNC 64.483. Individual papers are indexed from TD/TNC 62.625 to TD/TNC 62.632 and from TD/TNC 64.484 to TD/TNC 64.541. Show less

In 1998, more than 100 researchers and vocational training experts from most European Union (EU) Member States and other countries in Central and Eastern Europe attended a conference that was held in collaboration with the German Federal Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology and the European Training Foundation (ETF) to: examine how comparative vocational training research is related to policy and practice and how it contributes to the transfer of innovation in the European context; and assess the current situation and highlight prospects for the development of comparative vocational training research in future.

Eurostat uses a variety of data sources to produce internationally comparable vocational education and training (VET) statistics. This conference paper provides an overview of the methodology of the three main instruments of comparative statistics that are currently used in Eurostat, illustrates their usage with examples of policy-oriented indicators and points out the possible future developments regarding the three instruments. It also outlines the processes involved in producing comparable statistics in Eurostat so as to provide some insight into the current way that Eurostat works.

The volume of papers is indexed at TD/TNC 72.305; selected papers are indexed from TD/TNC 72.306 to TD/TNC 72.330. Show less

Noncredit enrollment at community colleges has grown significantly over the past two decades. However, unlike credit bearing programs, noncredit programs are seldomly empirically examined and evaluated, particularly those that are not grant funded. The lack of data results in a gap in knowledge about program effectiveness, as well as the students who participate in noncredit programs, it is difficult to objectively discuss the effectiveness of programs and develop valid policies to support them. This paper specifically aims to: (a) map the relevant literature regarding noncredit program data collection; (b) summarize existing knowledge about data collection processes; and (c) identify existing knowledge gaps in what is known about noncredit data collection. An established five stage process for conducting a scoping review guided the process: (a) identifying the research question; (b) identifying the related body of literature; (c) study selection; (d) presenting of data; and lastly, (e) collating, summarizing, and reporting results. The majority of data collected were head counts, types of courses offered and minimal demographic information.

The results also show that, despite higher enrollments and the popularity of programs, there is a lack of comprehensive information on student needs. Thus, it is crucial to develop a standardized data collection system for all noncredit programs; collect data at a student level; and provide more detailed information regarding enrollment, completion, and outcomes such as employment and wage gains, as well as qualitative factors such as student satisfaction.

Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

The Australian Vocational Education and Training Management Information Statistical Standard (AVETMISS) offers a nationally consistent standard for the collection and analysis of vocational education and training (VET) information throughout Australia. This publication incorporates seven main sections. Section one: Introduction provides an introduction to the AVETMIS Standard and the national data collection; Section two: File definitions details the file definitions for AVETMISS data files; Section three: Field definitions details the field definitions (data dictionary) for fields within the AVETMISS data files; Section four: Apprenticeship/traineeship training contract questions provides a standard set of questions to be asked of clients, employers and other relevant parties entering into a training contract based on the nationally agreed training contract; Section five: Selected classifications provides complete classification tables for field items not fully described in Section three; Section six: Glossary is a glossary of terms and acronyms that are relevant to this standard; Section seven: Appendices.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Early in 2000, Kaye Schofield and Associates was commissioned to undertake an independent investigation into the quality and effectiveness of the apprenticeship/traineeship program in Victoria and to provide recommendations to the Victorian Government on measures by which its quality and effectiveness might be improved. The two volume report addresses wider vocational education and training (VET) issues in Victoria and nationally only in so far as they impact on efforts of Victoria to improve the quality of training in its apprenticeship and traineeship system. The review proposes seven strategies which need to be pursued by the Victorian Government to achieve its objectives for the apprenticeship and traineeship system. These are: (1) the Government will need to take a lead role in building new partnerships for quality within Victoria generally and within the Victorian Office of Post-Compulsory Education, Training and Employment (PETE) specifically; (2) provider registration is the touchstone of a diversified training system; (3) the quality bar, represented by national standards for the registration of providers of training and assessment services, must be lifted and broadened to include a better suite of standards for training delivery and assessment; (4) the audit and review function must be strengthened; (5) the quality of training received by apprentices and trainees needs to be assured; (6) the efficiency, effectiveness and accountability and therefore the quality of the apprenticeship and traineeship system would be improved by clarifying certain matters related to the legislation covering the apprenticeship and traineeship system in Victoria; and (7) better business systems that meet user needs must be built. Show less

The effecting of a single, relatively open-ended interview with a participant whom the interviewee does not know well poses a number of problems that must be addressed if useful data and their analyses are to result. One of the problems is the managing of proposed topic coverage. In 2000 the author interviewed a sample of employees of a large construction company to elicit accounts of: (a) their understandings of training and assessment within a training package framework; (b) the value of such a framework; and (c) the training and assessment programs that were being implemented within the company using this framework. Prior to the interview a list of possible topics that could be addressed during the interview was circulated. In this paper excerpts from transcripts of the interviews are used to show how: (i)topics were introduced, sustained, developed and shut down by the interviewer during the interactions; and (ii) this process was differentially organised across the transcripts. In the author's analysis of the interviewing process the normative roles of interviewer as co-constructor of data and interviewer as elicitor of data are reflected on and it is suggested that rather than perceiving these as oppositional, there is evidence in the transcripts of a local and temporal movement, at some times fluid, at other times sharp, between them.

Excerpts from printed abstract used with the permission of the copyright holder.

Volume one of these proceedings is indexed at TD/TNC 68.31, volume two is indexed at TD/TNC 68.32 and individual papers may be found from TD/TNC 68.17 to TD/TNC 68.29 and from TD/TNC 68.33 to TD/TNC 68.100. Show less

Labour market transitions that workers experience throughout their working life play an important role in current policy discussions surrounding the future of work. Transitions occur between employment, unemployment and inactivity, but also between formality and informality, as well as between different occupations or industries. This paper discusses methodologies that are available from the literature to estimate the incidence and frequency of transitions using data from labour force surveys, which are run as a rotating panel. The paper then applies these methodologies to Viet Nam in 2011-19, producing estimates of different types of labour market transitions across four different labour market categories: (1) labour force status (LFS): employed, unemployed, out of the labour force; (2) formal job (FNJ): employed with a formal job, employed with an informal job, not employed; (3) industry (IND): 86 2-digit or 524 4-digit industry classification categories, plus a not employed group; and (4) occupation (OCCU): 11 2-digit or 568 4-digit industry classification categories, plus a not employed group. Without aiming to be comprehensive, this paper provides some examples of what type of data can be produced, demonstrating the feasibility and value of transitions data for labour market analysis.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

This report contains an overview and discussion of the national results for bachelor degree graduates and breakdowns by field of study. It also contains institutional figures and information concerning methodological aspects of the survey. Show less

With the recent policy focus on completions in the [vocational education and training] VET sector, completion rates are under the spotlight. Demand for completion rates data has grown over recent years, and to this end [the National Centre for Vocational Education and Training] NCVER has released several publications about completion rates, both for VET students and for apprentices and trainees. This paper draws these earlier publications together. This paper aims to 'lift the lid' on completion rates, explaining how they are defined and how they are calculated. Beyond this, the paper considers the value of completing a VET qualification, revealing that the pay-off varies for different groups of learners.

Published abstract. Show less

This report relates to the pilot study on evaluating the responsiveness of vocational qualifications (VQs) conducted in 2004 by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) for the Vocational Qualifications Research Group (VQRG). The VQRG had proposed an evaluation of VQ responsiveness based on four indicators: (1) trends in the numbers and categories of qualifications achieved by people; (2) the proportion of all training that is VQ related in a sample of contexts; (3) the attitude of stakeholders toward the value of VQs for different uses; and (4) the responsiveness of VQs to innovation. The aim of the pilot study was to investigate the practicality of undertaking a proposed full evaluation of VQ responsiveness based on these four indicators. The pilot study was required to investigate data supply issues for the indicators, propose data collection methodologies and consider the range of potential drivers of change in the VQ environment to facilitate later discussion of variables that are not part of the four indicators. The methodology used was a combination of discussions with stakeholders and investigation of potential data sources, including those suggested by the interviewees. The report examines the range of sources of evidence available for the indicators, some of them being potentially useful for more than one indicator, and then considers each of the indicators in turn. The project identified a number of issues which require resolution. Show less